A complex of anthropogenic problems that threaten the state of soils forces us to develop systemic solutions in order to restore the soil cover. Thus, they combine geoecological modeling, development of soil cleaning mechanisms and the search for new types of fertilizers. SFedU actively conducts comprehensive research in the field of biosafety of the region.

More about that told The head of the Department of Soil Science and Assessment of Land Resources of the Academy of Biology and Biotechnology named after V.I. DI. Ivanovsky Tatyana Minkina.

“Some areas are so polluted, especially in the vicinity of the former landfills of solid waste, near industrial enterprises, that it will take a long time to restore them. We study such objects and give recommendations, but each such territory needs its own special approach and method of soil restoration, "said Tatiana Minkina.

Sorbents

One of the most effective methods for cleaning soil from chemical pollution is the use of biosorbents. SFedU is actively developing new methods for cleaning soil pollution. A project developed under the leadership of Tatiana Bauer, senior researcher at the Academy of Biology and Biotechnology. DI. Ivanovsky, "Development of a technology for the production of composite biosorbent from agricultural waste for use in oil and complex technogenic pollution, as well as improving soil properties", supported by the Innovation Promotion Foundation under the UMNIK program.

“We offer different methods of cleaning soil from pollution. For example, the use of environmentally friendly natural materials. In particular, carbon sorbents. One of these is biochar, which is obtained from agricultural waste, sunflower husks, ”explained Tatyana Minkina.

Earlier, a similar grant for the development of methods for processing crop waste was won by a leading researcher at the Academy of Biology and Biotechnology named after V.I. DI. Ivanovsky, Ph.D. n. Marina Burachevskaya.

Note that the company "Yug Rusi" is interested in the research and plans to cooperate with the university scientists.

Polymers

In the future, scientists plan to use organometallic frame structures as sorbents for contaminated soils. Tatyana Minkina emphasized that such substances have a colossal porous surface that can be changed for various pollutants. That is, knowing which type of soil pollution is dominant, it will be possible to model the corresponding structure of the sorbent with a certain pore size for a more durable fixation of the pollutant. Research in this area is also carried out by the Department of Soil Science and Land Resources Assessment of the Academy of Biology and Biotechnology. DI. Ivanovsky together with the staff of the International Research Institute of Intellectual Materials SFedU.

Biofertilizers

Another method for restoring soil fertility is biofertilization. Scientists of the SFedU are working on the creation of such humic fertilizers.

“Without creating an industry for large-scale production of biofertilizers, it is impossible to restore the fertility of soils, especially degraded ones. Without this, it is impossible to move on to the production of organic food at affordable prices, animal feed, "said Tatiana Minkina.

So, biofertilizers, according to the expert, this is the way to obtain organic food. By the way, scientists-soil scientists of SFedU together with scientists of FGBNU FRANTS received patents for the methods of production of humic organically safe fertilizers developed by them and for the technology to accelerate the decomposition of stubble.

According to Tatyana Minkina, the project of young scientists of the SFedU for the production of biofertilizers from poultry waste “Development of a technology for processing poultry manure to obtain humic acids”, which has no analogues in the world, is no less relevant. The work was carried out within the framework of a grant that was won by a young scientist, senior researcher at the Academy of Biology and Biotechnology. DI. Ivanovsky, Ph.D. n. Victor Chaplygin in the competition of the Innovation Promotion Foundation. For the production of this type of fertilizer, scientists also need a patent.

The task of restoring and preserving soils, especially highly fertile soils, is one of the priorities in the national food security agenda. Department of Soil Science and Assessment of Land Resources of the Academy of Biology and Biotechnology. DI. Ivanovsky SFedU is one of the leading training centers for Russian specialists in the field of soil research, environmental monitoring and solving environmental problems.

Author: Daria Renzhiglo